Cognitive impairment


Disease modifying treatment available:
Time critical diagnosis and management:
Lateralising:


Taxotomy

Subclassifications Epidemiology Clinical features
Dementia None Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis



Aetiology

Disorder Clinical features Associated features Investigations Disease modifying treatment available Time critical
Herpes simplex encephalitis Seizure
Transient epileptic amnesia
Obstructive sleep apnoea Bilateral papilloedema
Insomnia
Hypercalcaemia Abdominal pain
Depression
Anti-LGI1 encephalitis Focal seizure
Facio-brachial dystonic seizures
Anti-CASPR2 encephalitis
Anti-DPPX encephalitis Weight loss
Diarrhoea
Myoclonus
Seizure
Tremor
Hyperekplexia
Amnesia
Hallucination
Delirium Hallucination



Treatment


Calculation of an anticholinergic burden score may be helpful for identifying medications which could be causing or exacerbating cognitive impairment. A number of scores have been developed and published. Several online calculators for these scores, or combinations thereof, have been created. One such calculator which uses a combination of two validated score is available at: https://www.acbcalc.com/.





Research


Open questions

What is the optimal strategy for identifying medications contributing to cognitive dysfunction?