Disease modifying treatment available:
Time critical diagnosis and management:
Lateralising:
| Subclassifications | Epidemiology | Clinical features |
|---|---|---|
| Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis | Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis is thought to be the most common autoimmune encephalitis. The disorder has been reported to occur between the ages of 2 months and 85 years. Females are affected four times more commonly than males and the peak incidence is between 25 and 35. | Dementia Psychosis Seizure |
| Anti-AMPA-receptor encephalitis | In one case series of 22 people with anti-AMPA-receptor antibodies age at the time of diagnosis varied between 23 and 81 with the median age at diagnosis being 62. 64% of people had a tumour identified. | Amnesia Seizure Psychosis |
| Anti-GABAA-receptor encephalitis | None | |
| Anti-GABAB-receptor encephalitis | None | |
| Anti-DPPX encephalitis | None | Weight loss Diarrhoea Myoclonus Seizure Tremor Hyperekplexia Amnesia Cognitive impairment Hallucination |
| Anti-mGluR1 cerebellar dysfunction | None | |
| Anti-mGluR5 encephalitis | None | |
| Anti-CASPR2 encephalitis | CASPR2 associated autoimmunity is much more common in males than females. This may have something to do with expression of CASPR2 within the prostate. In a case series of 38 patients the median age of onset with 66 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970662/). | Myokymia Seizure Generalised pain Insomnia Weight loss Cerebellar ataxia Hyperhidrosis Psychosis Amnesia |
| Anti-dopamine receptor encephalitis | None | |
| Anti-neurexin 3α encephalitis | None | |
| Anti-IgLON5 disease | None | |
| Anti-LGI1 encephalitis | None | Focal seizure Cognitive impairment Facio-brachial dystonic seizures |