Disease modifying treatment available:
Time critical diagnosis and management:
Lateralising:
Generally speaking, epilepsy describes a tendency to recurrent seizures.
The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 2014 defined epilepsy as any of the following:
1) At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart
2) One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure, and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years.
3) Diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome
Epilepsy may be considered resolved when an age-dependent syndrome is outgrown or when a person is seizure-free for at least 10 years with at least 5 years off anti-seizure medicines.
| Subclassifications | Epidemiology | Clinical features |
|---|---|---|
| Drug resistant epilepsy | None |
| Disorder | Clinical features | Associated features | Investigations | Disease modifying treatment available | Time critical |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lennox-Gastaut syndrome |
Seizure |
Individuals with epilepsy should be informed about the risk of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Risk factors for SUDEP include:
- tonic-clonic seizures
- nocturnal seizures
- sleeping alone and to a lesser extent living alone
- substance abuse
Zebrafish models
Drosophilia models
Mouse models
Rat models
Heterologous expression models cellular models
iPSC models
How can we determine who will have further seizures after an initial seizure?
How can we determine who is at risk of and prevent SUDEP?
How do we select the best ASM for a patient?
How can we optimally treat the neuropsychiatric disorders associated with epilepsy?